Solar Flare and CME seen by GLOWS

On January 18, 2026, a powerful solar flare was observed on the Sun, accompanied by a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME). The flare was classified as X-class—the highest category on the five-point scale used to describe such solar phenomena.

The accelerated particles (primarily protons and electrons) ejected during this event reached Earth the following day, triggering spectacular auroras visible at lower latitudes, including in Warsaw.

On its way to Earth, the cloud of high-speed charged particles struck the IMAP satellite. Several instruments automatically switched to “safe mode” to prevent damage. However, the GLOWS instrument remained operational and recorded a signal increase, which peaked around 7:00 PM UTC.

In the week leading up to this event, the GLOWS onboard software was updated, enhancing the instrument’s performance. This update allowed for the collection of unique observational data, which will contribute to a better understanding of solar mass ejections.